--- title: Ducom Instruments Blog | Global Applications Team (2) description: (2) --- [![Ducom - Logo - Full - Vector (90 Gray and Light Blue-Inverted) - PNG](https://blog.ducom.com/hs-fs/hubfs/DUCOM/Logos/Ducom%20Logos/Ducom%20-%20Logo%20-%20Full%20-%20Vector%20(90%20Gray%20and%20Light%20Blue-Inverted)%20-%20PNG.png?width=925&height=246&name=Ducom%20-%20Logo%20-%20Full%20-%20Vector%20(90%20Gray%20and%20Light%20Blue-Inverted)%20-%20PNG.png "Ducom - Logo - Full - Vector (90 Gray and Light Blue-Inverted) - PNG")](https://www.ducom.com) - Products - Services - Resources - [Blog](https://blog.ducom.com) - [Tribology Discussions](https://lp.ducom.com/tribology-discussions) - Company - [About Us](https://www.ducom.com/about-ducom-instruments) - [Locations](https://www.ducom.com/company-contact-us) - Support - [After Sales Support](https://www.ducom.com/support) - [Instrument Service Plans](https://www.ducom.com/instrument-service-plan) #### General Tribology - [Universal Tester - UNITEST](https://www.ducom.com/universal-tester-unitest) - [Multi Capability Tribometer - POD 4.0](https://www.ducom.com/multi-capability-tribometer-pin/ball-on-disk) - [Vacuum Tribometer - VT 3.0](https://www.ducom.com/vacuum-tribometer) - [Abrasion Tester - Dry and Slurry](https://www.ducom.com/abrasion-tester) - [Erosion Tester - Air Jet](https://www.ducom.com/air-jet-erosion-tester) - [Erosion Tester - Slurry Jet](https://www.ducom.com/slurry-jet-erosion-tester) - [Erosion Tester - Water Droplet](https://www.ducom.com/water-droplet-erosion-tester) - [Twin Disk Tribometer](https://www.ducom.com/twin-disk-roller-on-roller-tribometer) - [BioTribometer](https://www.ducom.com/biotribometer) #### Lubricant Tribology - [Four Ball Tester (Desktop)](https://www.ducom.com/four-ball-tester-fbt-3) - [Four Ball Tester (Standard)](https://www.ducom.com/four-ball-tester-tr-30-series) - [High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)](https://www.ducom.com/high-frequency-reciprocating-rig-hfrr) - [KRL Shear Stability Tester](https://www.ducom.com/krl-shear-stability-tester) - [Low Temperature Torque Tester](https://www.ducom.com/low-temperature-torque-tester) #### Petroleum Testers - [Flash Point Tester - Pensky Martens](https://www.ducom.com/pensky-martens-flash-point-tester) - [Flash Point Tester - Abel](https://www.ducom.com/abel-flash-point-tester) - [Flash Point Tester - Cleveland](https://www.ducom.com/cleveland-flash-point-tester) - [Freezing Point Tester](https://www.ducom.com/freezing-point-tester) - [Cloud Point Tester](https://www.ducom.com/cloud-and-pour-point-tester) - [Pour Point Tester](https://www.ducom.com/pour-point-tester) - [Roll Stability Tester](https://www.ducom.com/roll-stability-tester) - [Noack Volatility Test Apparatus](https://www.ducom.com/noack-volatility-tester) - [BOCLE - ATF Fuel Lubricity Tester](https://www.ducom.com/product-ball-on-cylinder-lubricity-evaluator-bocle) - [Shear Stability Tester (Diesel Injector)](https://www.ducom.com/product-shear-stability-tester-diesel-injector) #### See our full range of products [![Explore All Our Products](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/5735947/8c0055af-2ff0-4aad-aa83-42dcde0c56f4.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/5735947/8c0055af-2ff0-4aad-aa83-42dcde0c56f4) #### MOOHA - Digital Lab Assistant MOOHA is an A.I. enabled digital lab assistant that can assist you with automatically logging data, maintaining an audit trail, performing statistical analysis and accessing data and instrument health and status instantly via a secure encrypted interface. [![Learn more about MOOHA](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/5735947/78fb441a-de0c-4a9e-bf49-85bbcd080e46.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/5735947/78fb441a-de0c-4a9e-bf49-85bbcd080e46) #### Ducom Test Lab The Ducom Test Lab can be an extension of your quality or R&D department. Our experienced and knowledgeable application scientists and lab technicians can help you with finding the right test methods, designing test programs and delivering results.  [![Contract Test Lab](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/5735947/17c38921-6c5f-4d81-bd5d-e810fb2b1b68.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/5735947/17c38921-6c5f-4d81-bd5d-e810fb2b1b68) #### Knowledge - [Blog](https://blog.ducom.com) - [E-Books](https://www.ducom.com/e-books) #### Events - [WEBINAR | Tribology Discussions](https://lp.ducom.com/tribology-discussions) - [Conferences and Tradeshows](https://www.ducom.com/conferences-and-tradeshows) #### Company - [About Us](https://www.ducom.com/about-ducom-instruments) - [Locations](https://www.ducom.com/company-contact-us) #### Work with us - [Job Openings](https://www.ducom.com/careers) - [Become a sales partner](https://lp.ducom.com/distributor-training) #### After Sales Support - [Get Support](https://www.ducom.com/support) - [Instrument Service Plans](https://www.ducom.com/instrument-service-plan) [![Ducom - Logo - Full - Vector (100 Black and Light Blue-Inverted)-xxsm](https://blog.ducom.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Ducom%20-%20Logo%20-%20Full%20-%20Vector%20(100%20Black%20and%20Light%20Blue-Inverted)-xxsm.png?width=574&height=151&name=Ducom%20-%20Logo%20-%20Full%20-%20Vector%20(100%20Black%20and%20Light%20Blue-Inverted)-xxsm.png "Ducom - Logo - Full - Vector (100 Black and Light Blue-Inverted)-xxsm")](https://ducom.com) - Products - Services - Resources - [Blog](https://blog.ducom.com) - [Tribology Discussions](https://lp.ducom.com/tribology-discussions) - Company - [About Us](https://www.ducom.com/about-ducom-instruments) - [Locations](https://www.ducom.com/company-contact-us) - Support - [After Sales Support](https://www.ducom.com/support) - [Instrument Service Plans](https://www.ducom.com/instrument-service-plan) [![Ducom - Logo - Full - Vector (90 Gray and Light Blue-Inverted)](https://blog.ducom.com/hs-fs/hubfs/DUCOM/Logos/Ducom%20Logos/Ducom%20-%20Logo%20-%20Full%20-%20Vector%20(90%20Gray%20and%20Light%20Blue-Inverted).png?width=564&height=150&name=Ducom%20-%20Logo%20-%20Full%20-%20Vector%20(90%20Gray%20and%20Light%20Blue-Inverted).png "Ducom - Logo - Full - Vector (90 Gray and Light Blue-Inverted)")](https://blog.ducom.com/author/global-applications-team/page/www.ducom.com) - Products - Services - Resources - [Blog](https://blog.ducom.com) - [Tribology Discussions](https://lp.ducom.com/tribology-discussions) - Company - [About Us](https://www.ducom.com/about-ducom-instruments) - [Locations](https://www.ducom.com/company-contact-us) - Support - [After Sales Support](https://www.ducom.com/support) - [Instrument Service Plans](https://www.ducom.com/instrument-service-plan) #### General Tribology - [Universal Tester - UNITEST](https://www.ducom.com/universal-tester-unitest) - [Multi Capability Tribometer - POD 4.0](https://www.ducom.com/multi-capability-tribometer-pin/ball-on-disk) - [Vacuum Tribometer - VT 3.0](https://www.ducom.com/vacuum-tribometer) - [Abrasion Tester - Dry and Slurry](https://www.ducom.com/abrasion-tester) - [Erosion Tester - Air Jet](https://www.ducom.com/air-jet-erosion-tester) - [Erosion Tester - Slurry Jet](https://www.ducom.com/slurry-jet-erosion-tester) - [Erosion Tester - Water Droplet](https://www.ducom.com/water-droplet-erosion-tester) - [Twin Disk Tribometer](https://www.ducom.com/twin-disk-roller-on-roller-tribometer) - [BioTribometer](https://www.ducom.com/biotribometer) #### Lubricant Tribology - [Four Ball Tester (Desktop)](https://www.ducom.com/four-ball-tester-fbt-3) - [Four Ball Tester (Standard)](https://www.ducom.com/four-ball-tester-tr-30-series) - [High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)](https://www.ducom.com/high-frequency-reciprocating-rig-hfrr) - [KRL Shear Stability Tester](https://www.ducom.com/krl-shear-stability-tester) - [Low Temperature Torque Tester](https://www.ducom.com/low-temperature-torque-tester) #### Petroleum Testers - [Flash Point Tester - Pensky Martens](https://www.ducom.com/pensky-martens-flash-point-tester) - [Flash Point Tester - Abel](https://www.ducom.com/abel-flash-point-tester) - [Flash Point Tester - Cleveland](https://www.ducom.com/cleveland-flash-point-tester) - [Freezing Point Tester](https://www.ducom.com/freezing-point-tester) - [Cloud Point Tester](https://www.ducom.com/cloud-and-pour-point-tester) - [Pour Point Tester](https://www.ducom.com/pour-point-tester) - [Roll Stability Tester](https://www.ducom.com/roll-stability-tester) - [Noack Volatility Test Apparatus](https://www.ducom.com/noack-volatility-tester) - [BOCLE - ATF Fuel Lubricity Tester](https://www.ducom.com/product-ball-on-cylinder-lubricity-evaluator-bocle) - [Shear Stability Tester (Diesel Injector)](https://www.ducom.com/product-shear-stability-tester-diesel-injector) #### See our full range of products [![Explore All Our Products](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/5735947/8c0055af-2ff0-4aad-aa83-42dcde0c56f4.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/5735947/8c0055af-2ff0-4aad-aa83-42dcde0c56f4) #### MOOHA - Digital Lab Assistant MOOHA is an A.I. enabled digital lab assistant that can assist you with automatically logging data, maintaining an audit trail, performing statistical analysis and accessing data and instrument health and status instantly via a secure encrypted interface. [![Learn more about MOOHA](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/5735947/78fb441a-de0c-4a9e-bf49-85bbcd080e46.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/5735947/78fb441a-de0c-4a9e-bf49-85bbcd080e46) #### Ducom Test Lab The Ducom Test Lab can be an extension of your quality or R&D department. Our experienced and knowledgeable application scientists and lab technicians can help you with finding the right test methods, designing test programs and delivering results.  [![Contract Test Lab](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/5735947/17c38921-6c5f-4d81-bd5d-e810fb2b1b68.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/5735947/17c38921-6c5f-4d81-bd5d-e810fb2b1b68) #### Knowledge - [Blog](https://blog.ducom.com) - [E-Books](https://www.ducom.com/e-books) #### Events - [WEBINAR | Tribology Discussions](https://lp.ducom.com/tribology-discussions) - [Conferences and Tradeshows](https://www.ducom.com/conferences-and-tradeshows) #### Company - [About Us](https://www.ducom.com/about-ducom-instruments) - [Locations](https://www.ducom.com/company-contact-us) #### Work with us - [Careers](https://ducom.freshteam.com/jobs) - [Become a sales partner](https://lp.ducom.com/distributor-training) #### After Sales Support - [Get Support](https://www.ducom.com/support) - [Instrument Service Plans](https://www.ducom.com/instrument-service-plan) Search **Menu** - [Instruments](https://www.ducom.com/products-explorer) - [Testing Services](https://www.ducom.com/ducom-labs-testing-and-consulting-services) - [Software](https://www.ducom.com/digital) - [Blog](https://blog.ducom.com) - Support - [After Sales Support](https://www.ducom.com/support) - [Service Plans](https://www.ducom.com/instrument-service-plan) - Company - [About Us](https://www.ducom.com/about-ducom-instruments) - [Locations](https://www.ducom.com/company-contact-us) # Global Applications Team ## All stories by Global ### Other Authors - [Ducom customer (1)](https://blog.ducom.com/author/ducom-customer) - [Global Applications Team (77)](https://blog.ducom.com/author/global-applications-team) [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Gears%20-%20Low%20Res.jpg)](https://blog.ducom.com/twin-disk-precursor-to-fzg) [Twin Disk](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/twin-disk) ### [Twin Disk: The Precursor to FZG - A Case Study](https://blog.ducom.com/twin-disk-precursor-to-fzg) September, 2024 | 5 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Ducom%20Four%20Ball%20Tester%20FBT-3%20-%20Featured%20Image.png)](https://blog.ducom.com/5-reasons-to-invest-fbt-3) [Ball Wear](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/ball-wear) ### [Why academia should Invest in a Four Ball Tester ?](https://blog.ducom.com/5-reasons-to-invest-fbt-3) April, 2024 | 4 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/EV%20Lubricant.png)](https://blog.ducom.com/ev-viscosity) [viscosity loss](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/viscosity-loss) ### [Conventional lubricant test methods for EV fluids - Viscosity Loss](https://blog.ducom.com/ev-viscosity) April, 2024 | 3 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Ducom%20Twin%20Disk%20-%20Featured%20Image.png)](https://blog.ducom.com/5-reasons-to-invest-twin-disk) [Twin Disk](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/twin-disk) ### [Why to Invest in a Twin Disk Tribometer?](https://blog.ducom.com/5-reasons-to-invest-twin-disk) April, 2024 | 3 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Ducom%20Twin%20Disk%20-%20FZG%20Featured%20Image.png)](https://blog.ducom.com/fzg-twin-disk) [Twin Disk](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/twin-disk) ### [Differences and similarities between Twin Disk and FZG](https://blog.ducom.com/fzg-twin-disk) April, 2024 | 6 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Four%20Ball%20Tester%20Evolution.png)](https://blog.ducom.com/fbt-3/history) [friction](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/friction) ### [Four Ball Tester (FBT-3) : A Legacy of Innovation](https://blog.ducom.com/fbt-3/history) March, 2023 | 5 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Stock%20images/Licensed/Hot%20Rolling.jpg)](https://blog.ducom.com/twindisc/scuffing) [friction](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/friction) ### [Scuffing of Lubricants in Twin Disc - A Novel Contra-Rotation Method](https://blog.ducom.com/twindisc/scuffing) March, 2023 | 5 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Stock%20images/Licensed/Hot%20Rolling.jpg)](https://blog.ducom.com/twindisc/traction) [friction](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/friction) ### [Traction and Stribeck Friction using Twin Disc](https://blog.ducom.com/twindisc/traction) March, 2023 | 4 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Figure%205%20-%20Heat%20transmission%20in%20EP%20Tests.png)](https://blog.ducom.com/fictitious-grease-performance) [four ball tester](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/four-ball-tester) ### [Fictitious Grease Weld Load in a Four-Ball Tester](https://blog.ducom.com/fictitious-grease-performance) March, 2023 | 5 min read [![](https://blog.ducom.com/hubfs/Stock%20images/Licensed/AdobeStock_215547070.jpeg)](https://blog.ducom.com/unitest-profilometer-x) [wear](https://blog.ducom.com/tag/wear) ### [X-series Profilometer Successfully integrated in Ducom UniTest](https://blog.ducom.com/unitest-profilometer-x) February, 2023 | 4 min read | 1 min read | 1 min read [See More](https://blog.ducom.com/author/global-applications-team/page/3) ### Ducom Instruments **USA**:  +1 (847) 737-1590 **India**: +91 (80) 4080-5555 **Netherlands: **+31 (85) 065 74 10 [info@ducom.com](mailto:info@ducom.com) - 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